Migraines can severely impact a person's quality of life. Treating and managing migraines can allow people who suffer from migraines to lead a more comfortable and productive life, says Dr. Sun Qiu of PPG Peachtree Neurology. Here are some strategies to help manage and mitigate migraines:
Identify and Avoid Triggers
Various factors can trigger migraines. Common triggers include:
- Certain foods and beverages, such as aged cheese, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol
- Emotional stress and anxiety
- Bright lights, loud noises, and strong smells
- Lack of sleep
- Weather or altitude changes
- Hormone fluctuations
Keeping a migraine diary can help. You can record the duration and intensity of the headache, what you did or ate before it started, and whether it responded to treatments.
Medication Management
There are two main types of medication used to treat migraines:
- Preventive Medications: Taken daily to reduce the frequency and severity of migraines.
- Abortive Medications: Taken at the onset of a migraine to treat a migraine attack.
Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or changing any medication. Avoid using over-the-counter medications too frequently for headaches, as headaches can actually get worse over time if over-the-counter medications (and some abortive migraine prescription medications) are used too much, which is called a medication overuse headache.
Lifestyle Modifications
There are things you can do in your day-to-day life besides taking medications to help manage headaches.
- Maintain a consistent sleep schedule. Avoid looking at your phone or TV right before bed, and avoid caffeine or alcohol before bed.
- Eat regular, balanced meals.
- Manage stress. Techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress.
- Regular exercise
- Cut down on caffeine over time, but do not stop drinking caffeine all of a sudden. If you stop too fast, you can experience caffeine withdrawal.
Regular Check-ups
Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential to manage your migraines effectively. Your treatment plan may need adjustments based on your medication response and other factors.
If your migraines significantly impact your quality of life, ask your primary care doctor about seeing a neurologist to discuss evaluation and treatment options.